The science behind the dose
How denitrification actually works
The bioavailable carbon this product provides feeds denitrifying bacteria — Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, and species of Serratia, Pseudomonas, and Achromobacter — wherever they've colonized anoxic pockets in your system: inside porous live rock, deep in filter media, or in a sand bed if you run one.
Those bacteria oxidize the carbon into carbon dioxide, and in the process reduce nitrate into chemically inert nitrogen gas. A dedicated deep sand bed isn't required — live rock alone provides plenty of anaerobic surface area, and plenty of bare-bottom tanks see great results with this product.
N₂
gas
The end product — chemically inert nitrogen gas, not a compound left behind in your water.
15
ppm
The threshold where you switch from HR to LR Nitrate Remover for fine maintenance instead.
Rock +
media
Denitrifying bacteria colonize anoxic pockets in porous live rock and filter media, not just a sand bed — no dedicated deep sand bed required.